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Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and difficulty in adaptive cruise path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), a multi-angle improved firefly algorithm was proposed. Firstly, Chebyshev chaotic characteristics were used to initialize the population, which improved the problem that the initial population was not easy to produce. To solve the problem that the step factor is too fixed, Levy flight strategy is introduced to improve the position update formula and step update formula, so as to improve the search range and effectiveness of the population. Then, logistic chaos variation was used to improve the attraction coefficient, which increased the probability of individuals jumping out of the current state and escaping from the local optimal solution, and accelerated the rate of convergence. Finally, based on the established optimization function, the simulation results show that the improved path length is reduced by 7.47%, the node is reduced by 15.79%, the smoothness is better than before, the convergence time is reduced by 18.54%, and the convergence effect is good, it helps UAV to complete flight operation in real scene.