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非同軸兩輪機器人自平衡與轉向閉環(huán)控制
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重慶理工大學(xué)

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國防科技創(chuàng )新特區項目


Self-balancing and Steering Closed-loop Control of Non-coaxial Two Wheeled Robot
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    摘要:

    針對車(chē)速、車(chē)身側傾角和前輪轉角變化較大工況下的非同軸兩輪機器人在基于前輪轉角的自平衡控制中,因動(dòng)力學(xué)模型準確性對自平衡控制帶來(lái)的影響,設計了基于RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò )模糊滑模控制的自平衡控制器,利用RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò )的逼近特性,對動(dòng)力學(xué)模型中非線(xiàn)性時(shí)變的不確定部分進(jìn)行自適應逼近,從而提高動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的準確性,并借助模糊規則削弱滑模控制中產(chǎn)生的系統抖振;以及因前輪轉角用于自平衡控制中難以實(shí)現轉向閉環(huán)控制,建立了基于純跟蹤法的軌跡跟蹤控制器,并設計利用車(chē)身平衡時(shí)車(chē)身側傾角與前輪轉角的耦合關(guān)系,將轉向閉環(huán)控制中的目標前輪轉角替換為目標車(chē)身側傾角,從而將自平衡控制器與軌跡跟蹤控制器相結合,在保證車(chē)身平衡行駛的前提下,實(shí)現帶有軌跡跟蹤的轉向閉環(huán)控制。實(shí)驗結果表明,憑借動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的較高準確性,RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò )模糊滑模自平衡控制器具有魯棒性好、超調量低和響應迅速的優(yōu)點(diǎn),并且利用車(chē)身平衡后車(chē)身側傾角與前輪轉角耦合關(guān)系,實(shí)現轉向閉環(huán)控制是可行的,具有良好的軌跡跟蹤效果。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the influence of the accuracy of the dynamic model on the self-balancing control of the non-coaxial two-wheeled robot under the conditions of large changes in vehicle speed, body roll angle and front wheel rotation angle in the self-balancing control based on the front wheel rotation angle, the design a self-balancing controller based on fuzzy sliding mode control of radial basis function(RBF) neural network is proposed. Using the approximation characteristics of RBF neural network, the nonlinear time-varying uncertain part of the dynamic model is adaptively approximated, thereby improving the accuracy of the dynamic model. And the system chattering generated in sliding mode control is weakened with the help of fuzzy rules. And because the front wheel angle is used for self-balancing control, it is difficult to achieve steering closed-loop control, a trajectory tracking controller based on pure pursuit method is established, and the coupling relationship between the body roll angle and the front wheel angle when the body is balanced is designed to control the steering closed-loop control. The target front wheel turning angle in the system is replaced with the target body roll angle, so that the self-balancing controller and the trajectory tracking controller are combined to realize the closed-loop steering control with trajectory tracking on the premise of ensuring the balanced driving of the body. The experimental results show that with the high accuracy of the dynamic model, the RBF neural network fuzzy sliding mode self-balancing controller has the advantages of good robustness, low overshoot and fast response, and uses the body to balance the rear body roll angle and the front. It is feasible to realize the steering closed-loop control based on the coupling relationship of the wheel rotation angle, and has a good trajectory tracking effect.

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周鑫強,石曉輝,黃劍鳴.非同軸兩輪機器人自平衡與轉向閉環(huán)控制計算機測量與控制[J].,2023,31(3):140-148.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-19
  • 最后修改日期:2022-08-17
  • 錄用日期:2022-08-18
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2023-03-15
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