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基于仿人機械手的五指力封閉抓取算法
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TP181

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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目;北京市教育委員會(huì )科技計劃重點(diǎn)項目


Five-finger closed grasp algorithm based on humanoid manipulator
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    摘要:

    手是人類(lèi)在長(cháng)期進(jìn)化過(guò)程中形成的最完美的工具,能夠靈活、精細的進(jìn)行抓取物體等操作。機械手設計初衷是取代人手完成工作,是機器人系統的重要組成部分,因此抓取物體等操作一直是仿人機械手的研究重點(diǎn)。傳統的抓取方法是利用機械手三指形成力封閉完成任務(wù)。但由于機械手本身結構復雜等原因,易出現控制信號偏差或某自由度未達到要求水平,使得抓取過(guò)程中目標物體脫落等問(wèn)題。為了使機械手達到穩定抓取的效果,本文提出了一種效仿人手抓取的五指力封閉抓取算法,其本質(zhì)是利用冗余機制解決傳統三指抓取過(guò)程中可能出現的抓取不平穩或脫落的問(wèn)題。首先,基于三指力平衡算法的思想上提出了滿(mǎn)足五指力封閉抓取算法的條件。然后,對五指力封閉抓取算法進(jìn)行了充分性和必要性的證明。最后,通過(guò)仿真環(huán)境下的實(shí)驗抓取不同目標物體,驗證了五指力封閉算法的可行性及必要性。

    Abstract:

    The hand is the most perfect tool for transferring information in the human’s long-term evolution process. It can flexibly and finely perform operations, such as grabbing objects. The original intention of the manipulator, which is an important part of the robot system, is to replace the manpower. Therefore, the operation of grasping objects has always been the research focus of the humanoid manipulator. The traditional method of grasping is to use the three-finger forming force of the robot to fulfil the task. However, due to the complicated structure of the manipulator itself, it is possible that the control signal deviation or the degree of freedom does not reach the required level. As a result, these problems will cause the target object falling off during the grabbing process. In order to achieve the effect of stable grabbing, this paper proposes a five-finger closed-grabbing algorithm, which emulates human hand grabbing. The essence of this method is to use the redundancy mechanism to solve the unsuccessful crawling and falling off problems that may occur in the traditional three-finger grabbing process. Firstly, based on the idea of ??the three-finger force balance algorithm, the conditions for satisfying the five-finger force closed capture algorithm are proposed. Secondly, the proof of sufficiency and necessity of the five-finger closed-grabbing algorithm are provided. Finally, the feasibility and necessity of the five-finger force closure algorithm are verified by experiment, which is in the simulation environment to capture different target objects.

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于建均,安碩,阮曉鋼,于乃功,張子豪.基于仿人機械手的五指力封閉抓取算法計算機測量與控制[J].,2019,27(5):192-198.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-29
  • 最后修改日期:2018-10-29
  • 錄用日期:2018-11-20
  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-15
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